Chromosome-level genome assembly of vetch aphid Megoura crassicauda (Hemiptera: Aphididae)

The vetch aphid, Megoura crassicauda is a globally distributed, major agricultural pest of beans and other leguminous crops, causing significant economic losses yearly. Its rapid reproductive rate and capacity to develop resistance to diverse pesticides pose substantial control challenges. However, the absence of high-quality reference genomes has impeded deeper exploration of gene function and hindered the development of new management strategies. Here, we present the first chromosomal-level high-quality genome of M. crassicauda, generated by integrating short-read, PacBio long-read and Hi-C sequencing technologies. The final assembly spans 440.80 Mb, comprising 179 contigs with a contig N50 of 41.57 Mb, and 94.82% of the sequence was successfully anchored to 6 pseudo-chromosomes. We annotated 19,424 protein-coding genes and achieved 97.10% BUSCO completeness. This high-quality genome provides an essential genetic resource for elucidating M. crassicauda biology and facilitates the development of targeted management strategies against this pest.