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Spatiotemporal Self-Encrypted Interlock-Cascade-Hashing Optical Storage Based on Multicolor Photochromic Lithographic

Zan Xu1,2, Mingze Liu3,4, Xue Bai1

  • 1College of Materials Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, P. R. China.

Advanced Materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)
|October 1, 2025
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Summary

Researchers developed a novel multicolor photochromic material, lead molybdate (PbMoO4), for secure optical data storage. This all-optical system offers robust, non-destructive encryption, enhancing security against advanced threats.

Keywords:
multicolor photochromismoptical hashself‐encryptiontunable volatility

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Optoelectronics
  • Information Security

Background:

  • Advancements in AI and quantum computing necessitate enhanced security for physical assets and intellectual property.
  • Photochromic materials offer potential for optical encryption due to their light-responsive properties.
  • Single-component multicolor photochromic systems with high stability are rare, limiting applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a novel multicolor photochromic phenomenon in a single-component material.
  • To demonstrate its potential for all-optical, non-destructive information storage and encryption.
  • To investigate the underlying mechanisms of the photochromic behavior.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication and characterization of lead molybdate (PbMoO4) microcrystals.
  • Experimental analysis of photochromic responses under different light wavelengths.
  • Ab-initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) simulations to elucidate photochromic mechanisms.
  • Fabrication of on-chip arrays using lithography and mask patterning.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated a multicolor photochromic phenomenon in PbMoO4 exhibiting both volatile and non-volatile states.
  • Achieved up to 99% upconversion luminescence modulation with stable performance over multiple cycles.
  • Confirmed the all-optical, non-destructive nature of the material's input, output, and control signals.
  • Successfully demonstrated spatiotemporal self-encrypted optical information storage and interlock-cascade-hashing encryption.

Conclusions:

  • PbMoO4 microcrystals present a unique single-component multicolor photochromic system with dual-state memory.
  • The material enables advanced optical encryption and secure data storage, addressing modern security challenges.
  • This work paves the way for developing anti-cloning and anti-cracking technologies for high-value assets.