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Immunological and nutritional perspectives on macromolecular therapies for thoracic tumors

Hao Rong1, Min Zheng2, YunXiang Qi3

  • 1Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.

Frontiers in Immunology
|October 1, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Novel macromolecular drugs show promise for treating thoracic tumors like lung cancer, offering new combination therapies. Despite challenges, these advanced treatments hold potential for improved patient outcomes and reduced cancer burden.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Pharmacology
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Thoracic tumors exhibit high incidence and mortality, with limited efficacy of traditional therapies.
  • Macromolecular drugs, including monoclonal antibodies and antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs), offer new treatment avenues for thoracic cancers.
  • Current combination therapies (immunotherapy, chemotherapy, targeted therapy) improve survival but present safety concerns.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the application of novel macromolecular drugs in treating thoracic tumors.
  • To provide insights for future research and clinical translation of these advanced therapies.
  • To highlight the potential of macromolecular drugs in addressing challenges in thoracic cancer treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on recent advancements in macromolecular drug development for thoracic malignancies.
  • Analysis of therapeutic strategies combining immunotherapy, chemotherapy, and targeted therapy.
  • Examination of challenges and opportunities in the clinical application of novel macromolecular drugs.

Main Results:

  • Macromolecular drugs demonstrate promise in treating lung, breast, and esophageal cancers.
  • Combination regimens have improved patient survival indicators but are associated with immune-related adverse events and toxicity.
  • Developmental challenges include antibody affinity, linker design, and delivery systems.

Conclusions:

  • Macromolecular drugs offer significant potential for technological innovation, combination therapy, and personalized treatment of thoracic tumors.
  • Overcoming challenges like tumor heterogeneity, drug resistance, and cost is crucial for wider clinical application.
  • These drugs are expected to improve patient quality of life and reduce the socioeconomic burden of cancer.
Keywords:
challenges and prospectsclinical applicationefficacy evaluationmechanism of actionnovel macromolecular drugsthoracic tumors

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