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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Cognitive Science
  • Behavioral Science

Background:

  • Scholars have long studied the belief-behavior relation, but lacked a clear explanation for how specific beliefs influence actions.
  • A common assumption posits beliefs as powerful drivers of behavior, yet empirical evidence suggests a weak association (r < .2).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the mechanisms through which beliefs causally influence behavior.
  • To differentiate belief types and their impact on the belief-behavior link.
  • To propose a model explaining belief-to-behavior inferences.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of the empirical association between beliefs and behaviors.
  • Definition and categorization of belief types (existence, descriptive, outcome).
  • Development of a theoretical model of belief-to-behavior inference.

Main Results:

  • The general association between beliefs and behaviors is small.
  • Beliefs exert causal influence on behavior through belief-to-behavior inferences.
  • Inferences are more likely with behavioral goals and when using beliefs closer to the behavior in the inference chain.

Conclusions:

  • A novel model explains how belief types, goals, and cognitive capacity affect belief-behavior correspondence.
  • The model integrates memory-based and online decision processes, attitude-intention dynamics, and inference proceduralization.
  • Understanding belief-to-behavior inferences is key to explaining belief-driven actions.