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Related Concept Videos

Glucose Homeostasis: Regulation of Blood Glucose01:02

Glucose Homeostasis: Regulation of Blood Glucose

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Carbohydrates consumed through foods are converted into glucose, a crucial energy source for the body. In the prandial state, high blood glucose levels stimulate the secretion of insulin from the pancreas. Insulin inhibits hepatic glucose production and stimulates glucose uptake and metabolism by muscle and adipose tissue. The excess glucose is converted into glycogen and stored in the liver and muscles.
During fasting, when blood glucose levels are low, the pancreas secretes glucagon. it...
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Hormones Regulating Blood Glucose01:16

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Insulin is released by beta cells of the pancreas when blood glucose levels are high. It facilitates glucose absorption and utilization in insulin-dependent cells with insulin receptors on their plasma membranes. Insulin promotes glucose uptake by increasing the number of glucose transport proteins in the cell membrane, allowing glucose to enter the cell. As a result, glucose utilization and ATP production are enhanced.
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Glucose Homeostasis: Pancreatic Islets and Insulin Secretion01:27

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The pancreatic islets comprising only 1%-2% of the volume are highly vascularized and innervated mini-organs. They contain five endocrine cell types, including β cells that secrete insulin, which is synthesized as a single polypeptide chain, preproinsulin, processed to proinsulin, and finally to insulin and C-peptide. This process is complex and regulated, involving the Golgi complex, the endoplasmic reticulum, and the secretory granules of the β cell.
Insulin and C-peptide are...
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Glucagon-like Receptor Agonists01:24

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Incretins include glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), which stimulate insulin secretion post-meals. In type 2 diabetes, GIP's efficacy is reduced, making GLP-1 a viable drug target. GIP originates from preproGIP.
GLP-1, when administered in high doses intravenously, triggers insulin secretion, inhibits glucagon release, slows gastric emptying, reduces food intake, and restores normal insulin secretion. However, its rapid inactivation by...
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Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational01:22

Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational

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Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...
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Glucose Absorption Into the Small Intestine01:26

Glucose Absorption Into the Small Intestine

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Complex carbohydrates consumed cannot be absorbed into the small intestine in their original form. First, they must be hydrolyzed to a monosaccharide form such as glucose or galactose. These monosaccharides are then transported across the intestinal membrane and into the blood via transcellular transport. The intestinal epithelial cells allow the movement of these monosaccharides with a defined 'entry' through membrane transporter proteins present on their apical membrane and...
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  3. Postprandial Glucose: A Variable In Continuum.
  1. Home
  3. Postprandial Glucose: A Variable In Continuum.

Related Experiment Video

Simple Continuous Glucose Monitoring in Freely Moving Mice
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Simple Continuous Glucose Monitoring in Freely Moving Mice

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Postprandial Glucose: A Variable in Continuum.

Shashank Joshi1, Jothydev Kesavadev2, Prasanna Kumar K M3

  • 1Department of Diabetology and Endocrinology, Lilavati Hospital and Research Center, Mumbai, India.

Clinical Medicine Insights. Endocrinology and Diabetes
|October 1, 2025

View abstract on PubMed

Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Effective glycemic control requires monitoring postprandial plasma glucose (PPG), especially in type 2 diabetes. Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) offers advanced insights into PPG fluctuations, improving diabetes management.

Keywords:
CGMPPGcontinuous glucose monitoringcontinuumglycated hemoglobinpostprandial plasma glucosepostprandial state

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology and Metabolism
  • Diabetes Mellitus Research
  • Medical Technology

Background:

  • Global rise in diabetes mellitus poses significant healthcare challenges.
  • Effective glycemic control is essential for reducing diabetes-related morbidity and mortality.
  • Glycemic control involves fasting plasma glucose (FPG), postprandial plasma glucose (PPG), and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To emphasize the importance of monitoring and managing postprandial plasma glucose (PPG) in individuals with diabetes.
  • To consolidate evidence on the significance of viewing PPG as a continuum.
  • To highlight the potential of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) in improving PPG management.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature and evidence on glycemic control and diabetes management.
  • Analysis of the role of postprandial hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
  • Exploration of advances in continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) technology.

    • Main Results:

    • Postprandial hyperglycemia is an early deviation in T2DM and significantly influences overall glucose management.
    • Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) provides a comprehensive understanding of PPG fluctuations.
    • CGM offers real-time data, overcoming limitations of traditional monitoring methods.

    Conclusions:

    • Monitoring and managing PPG throughout the postprandial state is crucial for diabetes care.
    • Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) technology revolutionizes glycemic monitoring, particularly for PPG.
    • CGM enhances the management of PPG, supporting better overall diabetes outcomes.