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Updated: Jun 13, 2026

Isolation of Primary Human Decidual Cells from the Fetal Membranes of Term Placentae

Isolation of Primary Human Decidual Cells from the Fetal Membranes of Term Placentae

Published on: April 30, 2018

Spatial Transcriptomics of Human Decidua Identifies Molecular Signatures in Recurrent Pregnancy Loss.

Qing Sha¹, Qiaoni Yu¹, Kaixing Chen^1,2

¹Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, State Kye Laboratory of Eye Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230021, China.

Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics

|October 1, 2025

Summary

Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) is linked to reduced immune-supportive cells and increased cytotoxic T cells in the human decidua. FOSL2 is identified as crucial for maintaining immune tolerance, with its decrease impacting natural killer cell function.

Keywords:

Decidual natural killer cell Early pregnancy Immune toleranc Spatial transcriptomic analysis Transcriptional regulation e

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Area of Science:

Reproductive Immunology
Maternal-Fetal Interface Biology
Genomic Regulation

Background:

The human decidua is critical for establishing maternal-fetal immune tolerance, essential for successful pregnancy.
Dysregulation of decidual immune cells is implicated in recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL).

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the spatial organization and cellular interactions within the human decidua in early pregnancy.
To identify molecular regulators of immune tolerance in healthy versus RPL conditions.

Main Methods:

Spatial transcriptomic analysis of human decidua from healthy and RPL pregnancies.
Single-cell chromatin accessibility and transcription factor occupancy analyses.
Spatial cell-cell interaction analysis.

Main Results:

Identified distinct spatial domains (implantation zone - IZ, glandular-secretory zone - GZ).
Healthy decidua IZ shows enrichment of immune-regulatory dNK1 cells and dM2 macrophages, reduced in RPL.
RPL decidua exhibits increased cytotoxic CD8+ T cells and downregulated immunoregulatory interactions.
FOSL2 identified as a key regulator of dNK1 cell spatial transformation and function, with decreased expression in RPL.

Conclusions:

Spatial immune cell distribution and interactions are altered in the decidua of RPL patients.
FOSL2 plays a pivotal role in maintaining decidual immune tolerance, and its dysregulation contributes to RPL pathogenesis.