Recent advances in mining hypolipidemic bioactive compounds from animal-derived foods

Hyperlipidemia, a prevalent chronic condition, significantly threatens human health. Growing evidence indicates that bioactive components from animal-derived foods exhibit promising hypolipidemic potential. However, their role in hyperlipidemia management has not been fully recognized. This review systematically compiles the latest findings on mining hypolipidemic bioactive compounds through the valorization of animal-derived foods. It emphasizes innovative extraction techniques and summarizes the hypolipidemic properties and molecular targets of different compounds. Their mechanisms of action are explored, encompassing both direct involvement in lipid metabolism (such as the regulation of fat, cholesterol, and bile acid metabolism) and indirect modulation (such as the impact on the gut microbiota, glucose metabolism, inflammation, and oxidative stress). Lastly, future research directions are proposed, including by-product utilization, virtual screening, system construction, multi-target and biomarker mining, and clinical research promotion. This review aims to promote the high-value utilization of animal-derived foods and contribute towards the development of more targeted hypolipidemic functional foods.