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    This study introduces a novel polarization-independent optical switch using antimony trisulfide (Sb2S3) phase change material. This non-volatile switch offers low loss and crosstalk, crucial for reconfigurable silicon photonics.

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    Area of Science:

    • Photonics and Optical Engineering
    • Materials Science
    • Semiconductor Devices

    Background:

    • Silicon photonics is vital for reconfigurable optical circuits.
    • Silicon waveguides exhibit strong anisotropy, causing polarization-dependent performance in optical switches.
    • Existing non-volatile optical switches often struggle with polarization independence.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To propose and demonstrate a polarization-independent, non-volatile optical switch on a silicon platform.
    • To utilize the low-loss phase change material (PCM) antimony trisulfide (Sb2S3) for enhanced optical switching.
    • To achieve efficient and polarization-insensitive control of multimode interference (MMI).

    Main Methods:

    • Incorporation of Sb2S3 PCM into a multimode slot waveguide design.
    • Optimization of the multimode slot waveguide region for polarization-independent operation.
    • Characterization of the optical switch performance, including crosstalk (CT) and insertion loss (IL) at 1550 nm.

    Main Results:

    • Demonstration of a polarization-independent optical switch with crosstalk (CT) < -21.9 dB.
    • Achieved insertion loss (IL) < 0.12 dB at 1550 nm.
    • Efficient tuning of multimode interference for both TE and TM polarizations due to enhanced light-PCM interaction.

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed Sb2S3-based non-volatile optical switch effectively overcomes the polarization dependence of silicon waveguides.
    • The device exhibits excellent performance metrics (low CT, low IL), making it suitable for advanced photonic applications.
    • This technology holds promise for developing sophisticated reconfigurable photonic circuits and on-chip optical signal processing systems.