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Brain Imaging

Brain Imaging

Brain imaging technologies provide critical insights into both the structure and function of the human brain, enabling medical professionals and researchers to diagnose, study, and treat neurological disorders or psychiatric disorders more effectively.
These technologies include computerized axial tomography (CAT or CT scans), positron-emission tomography (PET scans), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and Transcranial Magnetic...

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Measuring and Manipulating Functionally Specific Neural Pathways in the Human Motor System with Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

Measuring and Manipulating Functionally Specific Neural Pathways in the Human Motor System with Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

Published on: February 23, 2020

Transcranial pulse stimulation modulates neuronal activity and functional network dynamics.

Maria Eleni Karakatsani¹, Irmak Gezginer¹, Daniil Nozdriukhin¹

¹Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057, Zurich, Switzerland; Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Department of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, ETH Zurich, Wolfgang-Pauli-Strasse 27, CH-8093, Zurich, Switzerland.

Brain Stimulation

|October 1, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Transcranial pulse stimulation (TPS) modulates brain activity by inducing calcium influxes and reorganizing neural networks. This non-invasive technique shows potential for treating neurological disorders like Alzheimer's disease.

Keywords:

Calcium influx Reorganization of functional network Therapeutic ultrasound Transcranial pulse stimulation

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Neurology
Biomedical Engineering

Background:

Transcranial pulse stimulation (TPS) is a novel non-invasive brain stimulation technique.
Its therapeutic potential for neurological disorders, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), is under investigation.
The precise mechanisms underlying TPS effects on brain activity remain largely unknown.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the effects of TPS on neuronal activity and brain circuitry.
To compare TPS effects in healthy and AD mouse models.

Main Methods:

Utilized fluorescence calcium imaging in GCaMP+ mice.
Combined with resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI).
Validated findings using c-Fos immunohistochemistry for neuronal activation.

Main Results:

TPS induced significant calcium influxes and increased c-Fos expression in the dentate gyrus.
Observed rapid, transient reorganization of functional connectivity, particularly in limbic regions.
Higher TPS intensities triggered spreading depolarization waves.

Conclusions:

TPS mechanical effects modulate brain activity without harmful thermal effects.
Findings elucidate TPS mechanisms, supporting its use in neurodegenerative disease treatment.
Suggests TPS can be optimized as a therapeutic strategy for neurological disorders.