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Catheter Ablation in Combination With Left Atrial Appendage Closure for Atrial Fibrillation
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The incidence and risk factor of atrial fibrillation after percutaneous coronary intervention

Sheng Su1, Le Li1, Xi Peng1

  • 1Arrhythmia Center, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, 100037, China.

BMC Cardiovascular Disorders
|October 1, 2025
PubMed

Insights

New-onset atrial fibrillation (AF) affects 1.1% of patients post-PCI. A simplified model using age and prior PCI effectively predicts AF risk, aiding streamlined stratification.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Clinical Outcomes Research

Background:

  • Patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and atrial fibrillation (AF) face poor prognoses.
  • The incidence and predictors of new-onset AF after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) discharge are not well-defined.
  • This study aimed to characterize new-onset AF incidence and identify associated risk factors post-PCI.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the incidence of new-onset atrial fibrillation (AF) in patients after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).
  • To identify independent risk factors for developing new-onset AF post-PCI.
  • To evaluate the predictive performance of existing risk scores and a simplified model for AF post-PCI.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 8,367 patients undergoing PCI between January and December 2013 was analyzed.
  • New-onset AF was defined as AF documented post-discharge, not present during the index hospitalization.
  • Cox proportional hazards regression and Fine-Gray competing risk analyses were used to identify risk factors and estimate hazard ratios.

Main Results:

  • 1.1% (94/8,367) of patients developed new-onset AF during 3-year follow-up.
  • Independent predictors for AF included age > 56.5 years (HR 2.97) and prior PCI (HR 1.73).
  • A simplified model using only age and prior PCI showed non-inferior predictive capability compared to the CHARGE-AF score.

Conclusions:

  • New-onset AF occurs in 1.1% of patients post-PCI.
  • A simplified risk stratification model incorporating age and prior PCI is effective for predicting AF post-PCI.
  • This streamlined approach can aid in identifying patients at risk for new-onset AF after PCI.
Abstract

Keywords:
New-onset atrial fibrillationPercutaneous coronary interventionPrognosis

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