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Updated: Jan 16, 2026

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First trimester maternal serum MicroRNA expression and pre-eclampsia: a retrospective nested case-control study.

Paula L Hedley1, Severin Olesen Larsen2, Karen R Wøjdemann3

  • 1Department for Congenital Disorders, Statens Serum Institut, Artillerivej 5, Copenhagen, 2300, Denmark. phy@ssi.dk.

BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
|October 1, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

First-trimester maternal serum microRNAs (miRNAs) can predict pre-eclampsia (PE). Seven specific miRNAs identified can distinguish between healthy pregnancies and those developing PE, aiding early risk assessment.

Keywords:
Circulating MicroRNAFirst trimesterPre-EclampsiaQuantitative Real-Time PCR

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Genetics
  • Obstetrics

Background:

  • Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) are detectable in maternal blood.
  • Previous studies indicated differential miRNA profiles in third-trimester pregnancies with and without pre-eclampsia (PE).
  • Early first-trimester studies showed similar differential profiles but were often underpowered.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the potential of first-trimester maternal serum miRNA expression profiles for predicting pre-eclampsia (PE).
  • To identify specific miRNAs that can differentiate between uncomplicated pregnancies and those that develop PE.
  • To assess the utility of these miRNAs for early PE risk assessment.

Main Methods:

  • A nested case-control study involving 413 pregnant women (126 developed PE) with serum samples collected between 10-14 weeks gestation.
  • Purification of total RNAs and quantification of 46 selected miRNAs and 2 controls using real-time quantitative PCR.
  • Analysis of miRNA expression profiles to identify differentiating markers.

Main Results:

  • Seven miRNAs (hsa-miR-181b-5p, -323a-3p, -518b, -363-3p, -20a-5p, -29a-3p, -142-3p) differentiated between uncomplicated pregnancies and those developing PE.
  • A single miRNA, hsa-miR-363-3p, distinguished between mild and severe PE.
  • A combination of the seven differentiating miRNAs achieved the highest discrimination between PE and uncomplicated pregnancies (AUC = 0.879).

Conclusions:

  • First-trimester maternal serum miRNA profiles can effectively differentiate between uncomplicated pregnancies and those complicated by PE.
  • These circulating miRNA markers show potential for improving early risk assessment of PE, weeks before symptom onset.
  • This finding supports the development of non-invasive biomarkers for predicting PE in early pregnancy.