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Affective Modulation of Cross-Language Activation is Domain General.

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  • 1School of Foreign Languages, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
|October 2, 2025
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Negative emotions triggered by nonverbal cues, like pictures, can inhibit bilinguals' access to their first language (L1) during second language (L2) processing. This highlights the integrated nature of emotion and language cognition.

Keywords:
bilingualismemotionevent‐related potentialimplicit translation primingnonverbal modality

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Area of Science:

  • Psycholinguistics
  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Bilingualism Research

Background:

  • Negative words in a second language (L2) can impede first language (L1) access.
  • It remains unclear if this emotion-driven inhibition affects general cognition beyond language processing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether emotional context, set by nonverbal cues, influences nonselective lexical access in bilinguals.
  • To determine if emotion-driven inhibition extends to domain-general cognition.

Main Methods:

  • Employed an implicit translation priming paradigm with Chinese-English bilinguals.
  • Used emotionally valenced pictures to set the context before presenting L2 word pairs.
  • Participants performed a semantic relatedness task, unaware of concealed L1 phonological overlaps.

Main Results:

  • Negative emotional pictures, unlike positive ones, blocked access to L1 translation equivalents in bilinguals.
  • Chinese control participants showed repetition priming regardless of image valence, indicating language-specific effects.
  • Nonverbal emotional cues effectively modulated language nonselective lexical access.

Conclusions:

  • Emotional modulation of lexical access in bilinguals is triggered by nonverbal cues, similar to words.
  • Findings challenge modular views of language, suggesting reciprocal and integrated interactions between emotion and cognition.