[Endoscopic ear surgery : indications and surgical technique]

Endoscopic ear surgery is a recently developed technique for minimally invasive middle ear reconstruction. It allows for a panoramic and detailed visualization of middle ear structures, enabling precise procedures to be performed with reduced morbidity. Applicable to a wide range of pathologies (cholesteatoma, tympanoplasty, ossiculoplasty, otosclerosis), it offers anatomical and functional results equivalent to those of traditional microscopic surgery. Despite certain technical challenges (two-dimensional vision, one-handed surgery) and a challenging learning curve, the approach through the external auditory meatus reduces operating time and eliminates the need for external incisions. Ongoing technological advances should further expand its indications.