Circularly polarized luminescence from supramolecular assemblies based on small molecules

Circularly polarized luminescence (CPL)-active materials have a wide range of technological applications. Traditionally, creating CPL-active materials relies on the use of chiral luminophores. In contrast, supramolecular assembly introduces an innovative and promising strategy for developing CPL-active materials not only from chiral luminophores but also from achiral species. This approach significantly enriches the diversity of CPL-active materials. It also offers an effective means to optimize the performance of CPL-active materials, such as enhancing the asymmetry factor |g _lum|. Compared to polymers, the assembly of small molecules is generally easier to control. This review systematically summarizes the recent progress and developments in CPL from small-molecule assemblies, particularly focusing on differences, merits, and demerits of three typical assembly modes. The aim is to provide valuable insights for the future development of chiroptical materials.