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Resistance Exercise Intervention Restores Functional Capacity and Improves Frailty Biomarkers in Centenarians.
Diego Marcos-Perez1, Adrián Hernandez-Vicente2,3,4, Sara Cruces-Salguero1
1Cellular Oncology Group, Biodonostia (Biogipuzkoa) Health Research Institute, San Sebastián, Spain.
Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle
|October 2, 2025
Summary
Resistance exercise improved functional capacity and reduced frailty in centenarians. This intervention also positively impacted frailty and inflammation biomarkers, offering new insights into healthy aging.
Area of Science:
- Gerontology and Exercise Science
- Molecular Biology and Aging
Background:
- Centenarians exhibit exceptional longevity but still face physiological decline and frailty.
- Previous exercise interventions have shown benefits for frailty in other populations, but not specifically in centenarians.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the impact of a 12-week resistance exercise intervention on functional capacity and frailty in centenarians.
- To characterize the expression of molecular biomarkers associated with frailty and inflammation in centenarians.
Main Methods:
- A 12-week resistance exercise intervention was conducted with 12 centenarians, randomly assigned to control or intervention groups.
- Functional capacity was measured using the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) and Physical Performance and Mobility Examination (PPME).
- Frailty was assessed using the Fried Frailty Phenotype and Frailty Trait Scale 5 (FTS5). Molecular biomarkers were analyzed using qRT-PCR and ELISA.
Main Results:
- The intervention group showed significant improvements in SPPB (p=0.01) and PPME (p<0.001) scores.
- Significant reductions in frailty were observed, with improvements in Fried Frailty Phenotype (p=0.001) and FTS5 (p=0.05) scores.
- Biomarkers related to frailty (e.g., miR454-3p) and inflammation (e.g., IL-6) showed altered expression patterns and improved with the intervention, correlating with functional and frailty measures.
Conclusions:
- Resistance exercise effectively enhances functional status and reduces frailty in centenarians.
- The observed improvements are associated with beneficial changes in frailty and inflammation biomarkers.
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