Genetically Engineered Glycosylphosphatidylinositol-Anchored Anti-GD2 Nanobody-Exosome Mimetics for Targeted...

This study focuses on the engineering of exosome mimetics (EMs) that are decorated with an antidisialoganglioside (GD2) nanobody for targeting osteosarcoma. We engineer the anti-GD2 nanobody coding vector into HEK-293T (293T) cells and fuse it with the decay-accelerating factor (DAF)-derived glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor signal peptide. The sequential extrusion method was used to produce the targeted EMs. These engineered GD2-targeted EMs (GD2-EMs) possess the same exosome markers as regular exosomes, are produced in large quantities, have a nanoscale size, and feature a surface anti-GD2 nanobody. Furthermore, they demonstrate increased internalization in osteosarcoma cells compared to unmodified EMs. In animal experiments using nude mice, the GD2-EMs exhibited superior tumor targeting, confirming their efficacy in vivo. In conclusion, the study successfully engineered anti-GD2 EMs, which showed promising results as a drug delivery system for osteosarcoma, indicating that engineering anti-GD2 EMs may be a viable approach for combating this disease.