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Updated: Jan 6, 2026

Modeling Paracrine Noncanonical Wnt Signaling In Vitro
Published on: December 10, 2021
ZNRF3 in neurodevelopmental disorders: insights into Wnt signaling and therapeutic potential
Yasmin Yusuf Hussein Dinle1,2, Ruping Liu1, Mainak Sengupta3
1Department of Genetics, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, No. 126 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China.
Abstract:
Neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs), including autism spectrum disorder (ASD), attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and intellectual disabilities (ID), have seen an increasing prevalence in recent years. Both genetic and environmental factors have been implicated in the pathogenesis of these conditions. One such gene, ZNRF3, plays a pivotal role in regulating neural cell growth and connectivity, with variations in this gene linked to disruptions in neural differentiation and communication. This review synthesizes genetic, molecular, and clinical research to examine the role of ZNRF3 in brain development. Furthermore, it explores the impact of prenatal environmental exposures and healthcare policies on diagnostic practices and treatment accessibility. The findings highlight the need for improved genetic screening, early intervention strategies, and policy reforms aimed at facilitating personalized care for individuals affected by ZNRF3-related NDDs.
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