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Development and behavior screening of 4-year-old Brazilian children: prevalence and associated factors

Rafaela Cristina Vieira E Souza1, Luana Caroline Dos Santos1

  • 1Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, 30130-100, Brazil.

Journal of Tropical Pediatrics
|October 2, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Early identification of developmental delays in 4-year-olds is crucial. This study found high prevalence of developmental delay (28.0%) and behavior problems (39.5%), highlighting key associated factors for intervention.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Child Development
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Early identification of developmental and behavioral delays is essential for long-term child health.
  • Screening tools are vital for detecting potential issues in young children.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of developmental and behavioral delays in 4-year-old Brazilian children.
  • To explore factors associated with child development and behavior.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional study involving 4-year-old Brazilian children and their caregivers.
  • Assessment using the Brazilian screening tool version of the Survey of Well-being of Young Children.
  • Analysis of associations using generalized linear models.

Main Results:

  • Prevalence of suspected developmental delay was 28.0%.
  • Prevalence of behavior problems was 39.5%.
  • Associated factors included child's sex, school period, daily reading, sleeping time, food insecurity, and ultra-processed food consumption.

Conclusions:

  • High prevalence of developmental and behavioral issues necessitates improved screening practices.
  • Multisectoral integration and professional specialization are recommended for enhanced child health outcomes.
  • Encouraging the use of screening instruments in primary healthcare is vital.

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