The unwell returned traveller

Presentations of unwell patients after travel can be challenging, as assessment and management requires consideration of a range of unfamiliar conditions.

The objective of this article is to provide general practitioners (GPs) with a framework they can use when faced with an unwell returned traveller. This enables the GP to go through a process to reach a differential diagnosis, and ultimately a diagnosis, of the illness or illnesses that may be present.

There are many causes of illness in the returned traveller; these range from very common and potentially self-limiting to severe and potentially life-threatening.  It is important that GPs are aware of the epidemiology and incubation periods of diseases overseas to help provide a diagnosis or diagnoses. The process will help GPs identify life-threatening diseases or those that may be a public health threat. A detailed history of travel itinerary and the presenting symptoms, combined with a thorough examination and relevant investigations, are required. The treating GP requires an awareness of when extra help or referral are required.