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Updated: Jul 15, 2026

Synthesis of Non-uniformly Pr-doped SrTiO3 Ceramics and Their Thermoelectric Properties
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Perovskite engineering for efficient oxygen evolution reaction through iron and silver doping.

Elham Mahmoudi1,2, Elham Fattahi3, Dina Bakranova4

  • 1Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran. Elham.mahmoudi1992@gmail.com.

Scientific Reports
|October 2, 2025
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Summary

Iron (Fe) and silver (Ag) doping significantly enhances a barium-containing perovskite oxide

Keywords:
Ag dopingLattice oxygenOverpotentialOxygen Evolution ReactionPerovskite oxides

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Catalysis

Background:

  • Perovskite oxides are promising electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER).
  • Optimizing their structure and surface properties is crucial for enhancing catalytic activity.
  • Doping with transition metals and noble metals offers a pathway to tune material characteristics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of Fe and Ag doping on a Ba-containing perovskite oxide.
  • To evaluate the structural, surface, and electrochemical properties of doped catalysts.
  • To identify the most effective doping strategy for improved OER performance.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of catalysts using sol-gel and wet impregnation techniques.
  • Characterization via XRD, FESEM, HRTEM, ICP, FTIR, and XPS.
  • Electrochemical performance assessment using LSV, Tafel analysis, and TOF measurements.

Main Results:

  • Fe-doped (LBCF) and Ag-impregnated LBCF (LBCF-A) catalysts were successfully synthesized.
  • LBCF-A demonstrated superior OER activity: 317 mV overpotential at 10 mA.cm-2 and a 101 mV.dec-1 Tafel slope.
  • Enhanced performance attributed to Fe-induced Co oxidation state changes, oxygen vacancies, and Ag-mediated surface enrichment.

Conclusions:

  • Fe and Ag co-doping synergistically improves the OER performance of Ba-containing perovskite oxides.
  • The optimized LBCF-A catalyst offers enhanced conductivity and charge transfer.
  • This work presents a promising, cost-effective catalyst for efficient oxygen evolution reactions.