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Correlation between serum vitamin D levels and immune function & clinical course in children with severe pneumonia: a

Shenglin Yang1,2, Wei Yang3

  • 1Department of Pediatric, The First People's Hospital of Zunyi, Huichuan District, Zunyi City, Guizhou Province, China.

BMC Pediatrics
|October 2, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Low vitamin D levels in children with severe pneumonia are linked to poorer immune function and longer illness duration. This highlights vitamin D

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Medicine
  • Immunology
  • Nutritional Science

Background:

  • Severe pneumonia in children poses significant health challenges.
  • The role of vitamin D in pediatric immune response requires further elucidation.
  • Understanding factors influencing pneumonia severity is crucial for effective treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between serum vitamin D levels and immune function in children with severe pneumonia.
  • To explore the association between vitamin D status and the clinical course of severe pneumonia in pediatric patients.
  • To determine if vitamin D levels can serve as a predictive marker for disease outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of clinical data from 78 pediatric patients with severe pneumonia.
  • Classification of patients into normal and low serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D3 (25-(OH)D3) groups.
  • Comparison of baseline characteristics, immune function markers (IgA, IgG, IgM), and clinical course between groups.

Main Results:

  • Significant differences observed in clinical course and immunoglobulin levels (IgA, IgG, IgM) between normal and low vitamin D groups (P < 0.05).
  • Serum vitamin D levels positively correlated with IgA, IgG, and IgM (r = 0.530-0.606, P < 0.05).
  • Serum vitamin D levels negatively correlated with clinical course (r = -0.610, P < 0.05), indicating shorter illness duration with higher vitamin D.

Conclusions:

  • Serum vitamin D levels are significantly associated with immune function in children suffering from severe pneumonia.
  • Vitamin D status is correlated with the clinical course of severe pneumonia in pediatric patients.
  • These findings suggest vitamin D plays a role in modulating the immune response and disease severity in pediatric pneumonia.
Abstract

Keywords:
25-hydroxy vitamin D3Clinical courseCorrelationImmune functionSevere pneumonia

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