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Integrating Prehabilitation into Surgical Pathways: Current Modalities, Outcomes, and Research Gaps.

Eric Sosa1, Anabel Henick1, Dhanesh D Binda1

  • 1Department of Anesthesiology, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY 10467 USA.

Medrxiv : the Preprint Server for Health Sciences
|October 3, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Prehabilitation significantly improves surgical outcomes. Further research is needed to explore multimodal strategies and their application across diverse surgical specialties.

Keywords:
AnesthesiologyEnhanced Recovery After SurgeryPerioperative MedicinePrehabilitationSurgery

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Area of Science:

  • Medical and Health Sciences
  • Surgical Sciences
  • Preoperative Medicine

Background:

  • Prehabilitation is a multidisciplinary approach to optimize patient health before surgery.
  • It aims to enhance postoperative recovery and long-term quality of life.
  • Common interventions include exercise, nutrition, respiratory training, and psychosocial support.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the evidence on prehabilitation strategies.
  • To analyze the impact of prehabilitation modalities on surgical outcomes.
  • To identify knowledge gaps in prehabilitation research.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic PubMed search was conducted using relevant keywords.
  • 153 studies published between 2017 and 2025 were included.
  • Data on surgical specialty, prehabilitation type, and outcomes were extracted.

Main Results:

  • 82% of studies reported significant improvements in surgical outcomes with prehabilitation.
  • Exercise and nutritional interventions were the most common modalities.
  • Most studies focused on single-modality prehabilitation, particularly in general surgery.

Conclusions:

  • Prehabilitation positively impacts surgical outcomes.
  • Multimodal prehabilitation strategies require further investigation.
  • Broader research is needed across various surgical disciplines.