Actinomyces causing psoas abscess: Case report of a peculiar forgotten disease

Actinomycosis is a very peculiar suppurative and fibrosing infection prevalent in the developing countries. Diagnosis of actinomycosis is a challenging and lengthy process because of the vague clinical signs and lack of proper tests in the routine laboratories. Here, we present a very intriguing case of an adult male presenting to the surgery outpatient department (OPD) with a gluteal mass and flank tenderness. The case was investigated with full work up and later, finally diagnosed as a case of psoas abscess due to actinomycetes. Early diagnosis and prompt initiation of the chemotherapy in such rare cases will not only negate the deleterious effects of this disease but will also improve the quality of life of the patient. This case report can prove to be an essential guide and aid to the primary care physicians in diagnosing this relatively uncommon pathogen and early intervention in the form of chemotherapy as well as referral to higher centres will prove to be highly beneficial for the patient.