Exploring digital health literacy clusters in a Norwegian stroke survivor population-A cross-sectional study...

Digital health technologies play a pivotal role in stroke prevention and rehabilitation. However, variations in digital health literacy (DHL) among stroke survivors may impede effective use of these tools. Understanding DHL-profiles and their influencing factors is essential for tailoring interventions.

This study aimed to identify DHL-profiles among stroke survivors and possible associations with sociodemographic and clinical characteristics.

We conducted a cross-sectional study with 177 first-time stroke patients (2021-2022) from the Norwegian stroke registry. DHL was measured using the eHealth Literacy Questionnaire. Cluster analysis identified DHL profiles, and multinomial regression explored associations with sociodemographic and clinical variables.

Three distinct DHL-profiles emerged: Novices (26%), Cautious users (57%), and Navigators (17%). Novices exhibited notable DHL limitations, cautious users demonstrated moderate proficiency, and navigators displayed a high level of proficiency. Participants aged ≥67 years were five times more likely to be Novices compared to Cautious users. Lower education and cognitive functioning increased novice likelihood, whereas living alone decreased the chance of being a Navigator.

Diverse DHL-profiles among stroke survivors highlight the need for personalized digital health services. Tailored interventions, developed through co-design and addressing specific DHL challenges, may improve equitable access and enhance usability, ultimately promoting health equity.