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Digital Health (DH) cybersecurity risks are rising. This study found a gap in applying Open Web Application Security Project (OWASP) guidelines in healthcare, proposing a tool to bridge this gap for better security.

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Area of Science:

  • Cybersecurity in healthcare
  • Digital Health (DH) technologies
  • Application security standards

Background:

  • Rapid adoption of digital technologies in healthcare increases cybersecurity risks.
  • Web applications in healthcare handle sensitive data, necessitating robust security measures.
  • Regulatory compliance and data breach prevention are critical concerns.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the applicability of Open Web Application Security Project (OWASP) guidelines in the healthcare domain.
  • To identify common security requirements in Digital Health (DH) technologies and their alignment with OWASP Application Security Verification Standard (ASVS).
  • To address the gap between security standards availability and their practical implementation in healthcare IT.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review to identify DH security requirements and assess alignment with OWASP ASVS.
  • Questionnaire survey distributed to Italian healthcare facilities and IT companies.
  • Analysis of survey responses to identify knowledge and usage gaps of security standards.

Main Results:

  • Common security requirements in DH technologies were identified and mapped against OWASP ASVS.
  • A significant gap was observed between the availability of security standards and their practical application in the healthcare sector.
  • Healthcare IT professionals and developers show limited awareness and utilization of existing security guidelines.

Conclusions:

  • OWASP guidelines are relevant but underutilized in the healthcare sector.
  • A context-aware tool is proposed to guide developers and testers in applying OWASP standards effectively.
  • The tool aims to facilitate practical adoption of security best practices in clinical environments through tailored recommendations and checklists.