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Occupational Exposure to Extremely Low-Frequency Magnetic Fields and Postmenopausal Breast Cancer Risk.

Saeedeh Moayedi-Nia1, Chelsea Almadin, France Labrèche

  • 1From the Health Innovation and Evaluation Hub, University of Montreal Hospital Research Centre (CRCHUM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada (S.M.-N., C.A., L.R., V.H.); Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (F.L.); Centre de Recherche en Santé Publique (CReSP), University of Montréal and CIUSSS Centre-Sud, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (F.L.); Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (M.S.G.); Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain (E.C.); Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Spain (E.C.); Spanish Consortium for Research and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain (E.C.); and Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (V.H.).

Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine
|October 3, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Occupational exposure to extremely low-frequency magnetic fields (ELF-MF) showed no link to postmenopausal breast cancer. However, some associations were seen when considering recent exposures or those during breast development.

Keywords:
case-control studyextremely low-frequency magnetic fieldsoccupational exposurepopulation-basedpostmenopausal breast cancer

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental health
  • Epidemiology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Occupational exposure to extremely low-frequency magnetic fields (ELF-MF) has been investigated for potential links to various health outcomes.
  • Understanding the relationship between ELF-MF exposure and postmenopausal breast cancer is crucial for public health.
  • Previous research has yielded inconsistent findings, necessitating further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To estimate the association between occupational exposures to extremely low-frequency magnetic fields (ELF-MF) and postmenopausal breast cancer.
  • To analyze different metrics of ELF-MF exposure, including cumulative, average, maximum, and duration.

Main Methods:

  • A population-based case-control study was conducted in Montréal, Canada (2008-2011) involving 663 breast cancer cases and 592 controls.
  • Lifetime job histories were linked to a job-exposure matrix to estimate ELF-MF exposure levels.
  • Logistic regression models were used to calculate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI), adjusting for covariables.

Main Results:

  • No significant association was found between overall occupational ELF-MF exposure and postmenopausal breast cancer.
  • A potential positive association was observed when restricting exposure analysis to 0-10 years before the interview.
  • Some positive associations were noted for estrogen receptor-positive/progesterone receptor-positive (ER+/PR+) tumors, particularly with recent or developmental exposures.

Conclusions:

  • The study findings suggest no overall association between occupational ELF-MF exposure and postmenopausal breast cancer risk.
  • Further research may be warranted to explore potential associations with specific exposure windows or tumor subtypes.