Supplementing Clinical Management of Kawasaki Disease through Electrochemical Quantification of IP-10
Sasya Madhurantakam1, Zachary J Lee1, Jayanth Babu Karnam2
1Department of Bioengineering, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas 75248, United States.
Insights
A novel electrochemical biosensor accurately detects interferon-gamma inducible protein 10 (IP-10), a key biomarker for Kawasaki disease (KD). This innovation aids in diagnosing KD, especially atypical cases, and monitoring disease progression.
Area of Science:
- Biomedical Engineering
- Immunology
- Cardiovascular Research
Background:
- Kawasaki disease (KD) is a critical cause of acquired heart disease in children.
- Diagnosing incomplete or atypical KD is challenging due to overlapping symptoms and unknown causes.
- Interferon-gamma inducible protein 10 (IP-10) is implicated in KD pathogenesis and inflammation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop a sensitive and rapid detection method for IP-10 as a biomarker for Kawasaki disease.
- To evaluate the potential of IP-10 as a diagnostic adjunct and indicator of clinical progression in KD.
- To demonstrate the utility of electrochemical biosensors for quantifying IP-10 in patient plasma.
Main Methods:
- Fabrication of a gold electrode biosensor functionalized with an antibody specific to IP-10.
- Detection and quantification of IP-10 in human plasma samples using the developed electrochemical biosensor.
- Assessing sensor performance, including sensitivity, detection range, and reproducibility.
Main Results:
- The developed biosensor demonstrated sensitive detection of IP-10 up to 8100 pg/mL.
- The sensor accurately quantified IP-10 in plasma samples with high recovery rates.
- The biosensor exhibited low variation (<20%) between sensors, indicating good reproducibility.
Conclusions:
- Electrochemical biosensors offer a promising platform for rapid, portable, and affordable IP-10 detection.
- IP-10 is a viable biomarker for diagnosing Kawasaki disease and monitoring its progression.
- This biosensor technology could significantly improve KD diagnosis and management, especially for atypical cases.
Abstract:
Kawasaki disease (KD) is an acute, systemic vasculitis and the leading cause of acquired heart disease. While KD is easily diagnosed with full clinical symptoms, recognizing incomplete or atypical manifestations is challenging due to a limited understanding of its causes, lack of association with a single pathogen, and symptom overlap with common infantile diseases. As our understanding of biomarkers has progressed, efforts have been made to identify unique biomarker profiles in KD. IP-10, a driving chemokine, induces and maintains inflammation in the body, particularly the heart, influencing cardiac diseases. The heightened immune response during acute KD makes IP-10 a promising diagnostic adjunct and indicator of clinical progression. Given its role in activating and regulating inflammatory and immune responses, we propose interferon-gamma inducible protein 10 (IP-10) as one of these markers. Electrochemical biosensors offer a rapid, portable, and affordable alternative to traditional clinical laboratory standards. We showcase sensitive detection and quantification of IP-10 in plasma using a gold electrode platform functionalized with an antibody. The sensor can detect IP-10 up to 8100 pg/mL using 10 μL of sample with great recovery in spiked samples, with <20% variation between the sensors.
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