Determinants of removable partial denture success in patients' perspectives

To provide insight into how successful removable partial dentures (RPDs) are determined from the patients' perspectives, as well as associating factors that affect success with a qualitative approach.

A qualitative study with case study methodology was conducted among 15 experienced RPD patients (mean age: 65.2 ± 8.4 years old). Demographic data were collected using questionnaires, while oral status and denture characteristics were clinically examined by the investigators. Face-to-face interviews were performed until data saturation was achieved. Demographic data were analyzed with descriptive statistics. Content and framework analyses were used to identify recurring themes relevant to determinants of RPD success from the transcribed interviews. A preliminary questionnaire was conducted to validate the framework and to determine the difference from neutral agreement score.

Four main themes related to RPD success included: (1) individual background and experience, (2) treatment expectations, (3) improvement of oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) and satisfaction, and (4) treatment acceptance. These themes, especially acceptance, provided a more comprehensive understanding of RPD success. Treatment satisfaction was closely related to OHRQoL improvements, and acceptance emerged as how patients adapted to RPD limitations over time. Significant agreement was found on four of the proposed associations.

This study highlights the importance of considering patient background, realistic expectation-setting, dentist-patient communication, and adaptation support in RPD treatment. A revised diagram of RPDs' determinants of success was proposed to guide clinicians in enhancing patient-centered care.

To achieve RPD treatment success, patients' prior experiences should be identified and incorporated into RPD treatment plan, aligning with their individual expectations. Effective communication between patients and clinicians is crucial, involving comprehensive discussion about RPD functionality, potential limitations, and establishing realistic expectations. Addressing the adaptation process following treatment is essential to enhance patient satisfaction and acceptance. Post-treatment OHRQoL assessments during maintenance periods are required to provide long-term patient support.