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Exposure to outdoor artificial light at night (ALAN) is linked to higher blood pressure and increased odds of hypertension in children. Reducing ALAN is crucial for preventing adult hypertension by addressing environmental factors in childhood.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Health
  • Pediatric Cardiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Elevated blood pressure in children is a precursor to adult hypertension.
  • Environmental factors contributing to childhood hypertension require identification for preventative strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between outdoor artificial light at night (ALAN) and blood pressure in children.
  • To determine if ALAN exposure increases the risk of hypertension among children.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from 9354 children aged 5-17 in the Seven Northeastern Cities Study (2012-2013).
  • Measured blood pressure using a mercury sphygmomanometer.
  • Geocoded child addresses and linked to estimated outdoor ALAN within 500m (ALAN-500m) using VIIRS/DNB data.
  • Employed generalized linear mixed-effect models to analyze associations and odds of hypertension, exploring effect modification.

Main Results:

  • Higher ALAN-500m exposure (Q4 vs Q1) was associated with increased systolic blood pressure (SBP) by 1.45 mmHg, diastolic blood pressure (DBP) by 2.09 mmHg, and mean arterial pressure by 1.87 mmHg.
  • Children in the third quartile (Q3) of ALAN-500m exposure had a 30% increased odds of hypertension compared to the first quartile (Q1).
  • Stronger associations were observed in younger children (≤11 years) and overweight children, indicating heightened susceptibility.

Conclusions:

  • Living in areas with high outdoor ALAN exposure is associated with increased blood pressure and hypertension risk in children.
  • Reducing outdoor ALAN exposure is a critical environmental intervention for preventing hypertension and managing blood pressure in pediatric populations.
  • The findings highlight the importance of addressing light pollution as a modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular health in children.