Epidemiology, presentation, and outcomes of sigmoid volvulus in malawi: an 11-Year retrospective review

Sigmoid volvulus (SV) is a significant gastrointestinal condition in sub-Saharan Africa, although its epidemiology and outcomes are poorly understood.

To determine the prevalence, demographic characteristics, clinical presentation, and outcomes of SV in Malawi.

An 11-year retrospective review of patients with SV at Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital, Malawi. Patient records were analysed for demographic characteristics, clinical presentation, mode of management, and outcomes.

We identified 301 cases of SV, with a prevalence of 27.3 cases per year. Males comprised 91.4% of cases, with a mean age of 51. Emergency presentations accounted for 69.8% of cases. Resection and primary anastomosis were the most common surgical procedures. The mortality rate was 11.3%, with non-viability of bowel being a significant predictor of mortality.

SV contributes significantly to the disease burden, particularly among middle-aged males seen in the surgical department. It presents acutely, and resection and primary anastomosis are the primary surgical approaches. Non-viability of bowel was identified as a significant predictor of mortality, emphasising the need for prompt surgical intervention.

Not Applicable.