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Non-coding RNAs in gastric cancer: mechanisms and therapeutic prospects

Zhifei Han1, Wenjuan Liu2, Yigao Zhu3

  • 1Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, 250117, China.

Molecular Cancer
|October 4, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are key players in gastric cancer development and treatment resistance. Understanding their roles offers potential for new diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Gastric cancer is a leading cause of cancer death globally, characterized by significant molecular heterogeneity.
  • Current treatments for advanced gastric cancer, including chemotherapy and targeted therapies, have limited efficacy and lack precise early detection markers.
  • Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), encompassing microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs), are increasingly recognized for their roles in cancer.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review the critical roles of ncRNAs in gastric cancer.
  • To elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying ncRNA involvement in chemotherapy resistance, immune escape, metabolism, and angiogenesis.
  • To explore the potential of ncRNAs as therapeutic targets and prognostic biomarkers for gastric cancer.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature review.
  • Analysis of molecular mechanisms.
  • Evaluation of clinical significance.

Main Results:

  • ncRNAs significantly influence chemotherapy resistance, immune escape, metabolic reprogramming, and angiogenesis in gastric cancer.
  • Specific ncRNAs are implicated in the development and progression of gastric cancer.
  • Evidence suggests ncRNAs are crucial in the response to chemotherapy and targeted therapy.

Conclusions:

  • ncRNAs are pivotal in gastric cancer pathogenesis and treatment response.
  • ncRNAs hold significant promise as novel therapeutic targets for gastric cancer.
  • ncRNAs may serve as valuable biomarkers for early detection and prognosis in gastric cancer.
Keywords:
BiomarkerChemotherapyDrug resistanceGastric cancerNon-coding RNAs

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