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Related Concept Videos

Fiber Reinforced Concrete01:22

Fiber Reinforced Concrete

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Fiber-reinforced concrete significantly enhances the structural and nonstructural properties of traditional concrete by incorporating fibers like steel, glass, and polymers. These fibers, varying from natural ones such as sisal and cellulose to manufactured ones like polypropylene and Kevlar, are mixed into hydraulic cement with aggregates. Steel fibers, often preferred for their robustness, contribute to improved ductility, toughness, and post-cracking performance. The concrete is classified...
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In analyzing a thin-walled hollow shaft subjected to torsional loading, a segment with width dx is isolated for examination. Despite its equilibrium state, this segment faces torsional shearing forces at its ends. These forces are quantitatively described by the product of the longitudinal shearing stress on the segment's minor surface and the area of this surface, leading to the concept of shear flow. This shear flow is consistent throughout the structure, indicating a uniform distribution of...
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Horn-Inspired Hierarchical Tubular Composites for Recoverable High-Energy Absorption.

Jiewei Chen1, Nifang Zhao1,2, Meng Li1,2

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering and Low-carbon Technology, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China.

Advanced Materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)
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Summary

Inspired by bighorn sheep horns, scientists developed a new recoverable energy-absorbing composite. This biomimetic material achieves 10 MJ·m-3 energy absorption, significantly outperforming existing options for impact resistance.

Keywords:
bioinspired materialshierarchical structurerecoverable energy absorptionsheep horn

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Biomimetics
  • Mechanical Engineering

Background:

  • Recoverable energy-absorbing materials are vital for impact-resistant systems but often have low energy dissipation (<1 MJ·m-3).
  • The bighorn sheep horn (Ovis canadensis) demonstrates superior energy dissipation and shape recovery through multiscale mechanisms like aligned tubules and keratin cells.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To engineer a recoverable porous energy-absorbing composite inspired by the hierarchical structure of bighorn sheep horns.
  • To achieve significantly enhanced energy absorption capacity while maintaining high strength and low density.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a microtubular scaffold with lamellar-aligned nanoplatelets using a modified gelation-assisted self-assembly method.
  • Infiltration of the scaffold with a dynamic covalent epoxy matrix.

Main Results:

  • The optimized composite achieved exceptional energy absorption of 10 MJ·m-3, an order of magnitude higher than conventional materials.
  • Demonstrated high compressive strength (> 50 MPa), low density (1.1 g·cm-3), and stable cyclic shape recovery.
  • Synergistic multiscale toughening mechanisms (tubular buckling, crack deflection, matrix viscoelasticity) contribute to mechanical properties.

Conclusions:

  • A scalable biomimetic strategy for creating lightweight, high-strength, reusable materials with high energy dissipation was established.
  • The developed composite addresses critical challenges in protective applications requiring advanced energy absorption.
  • The dynamic covalent epoxy matrix enhances reversible deformation and cyclic damage recovery.