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Tick-Borne Viruses in Finland: Public Health Risks, Interventions and Research Insights
Theophilus Yaw Alale1, Tero Klemola1, Jani J Sormunen1
1Department of Biology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
Veterinary Medicine and Science
|October 4, 2025
Summary
Tick populations and tick-borne viral diseases are increasing in Finland due to climate change and land use shifts. This necessitates enhanced monitoring and TBEV vaccination strategies.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Entomology
- Epidemiology
- Public Health
Background:
- Ticks are significant vectors of pathogens, including viruses, bacteria, and protozoa.
- In Finland, Ixodes ricinus and Ixodes persulcatus transmit tick-borne viruses (TBVs), notably tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV).
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the epidemiology, public health interventions, and research on ticks and TBVs in Finland from 1960-2020.
- To highlight trends and contributing factors to the rise in tick populations and associated diseases.
Main Methods:
- Literature review and analysis of epidemiological data spanning six decades (1960-2020).
- Examination of factors influencing tick distribution and activity, including climate and land use changes.
Main Results:
- Significant increase in tick populations and human incidence of tick-borne diseases observed in Finland.
- Expansion of tick geographical range and seasonal activity linked to climate change and ecosystem dynamics.
Conclusions:
- The evolving tick-borne viral disease landscape presents major public health challenges in Finland.
- Effective monitoring, TBEV vaccination, and prevention strategies are crucial for risk mitigation.
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