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Related Concept Videos

Light Acquisition02:16

Light Acquisition

In order to produce glucose, plants need to capture sufficient light energy. Many modern plants have evolved leaves specialized for light acquisition. Leaves can be only millimeters in width or tens of meters wide, depending on the environment. Due to competition for sunlight, evolution has driven the evolution of increasingly larger leaves and taller plants, to avoid shading by their neighbors with contaminant elaboration of root architecture and mechanisms to transport water and nutrients.
Photoreceptors and Plant Responses to Light02:00

Photoreceptors and Plant Responses to Light

Light plays a significant role in regulating the growth and development of plants. In addition to providing energy for photosynthesis, light provides other important cues to regulate a range of developmental and physiological responses in plants.
Electrical Energy01:10

Electrical Energy

Using electric appliances for a longer period of time consumes more electrical energy and results in a higher electric bill. The energy produced by the transfer of electrons from one point to another is known as electrical energy. If power is delivered at a constant rate, the electrical energy can be defined as the product of power used by the device for a period of time. The energy unit on electric bills is the kilowatt-hour, where one kilowatt-hour is equivalent to 3.6 × 106 joules. The...

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Key Elements of Photo Attraction Bioassay for Insect Studies or Monitoring Programs
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Mitigating light pollution through motion-controlled LED lighting to protect bats.

Christine Reusch1, Detlev Kelm1, Christian C Voigt2

  • 1Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Alfred-Kowalke-Str. 17, D - 10315, Berlin, Germany.

Environmental Pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)
|October 4, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Motion-controlled, part-night LED lighting can mitigate negative impacts of artificial light on bats. While generally effective, even warm-colored lights can affect sensitive species, especially with increased trail use.

Keywords:
ALANBicycle trailsFunctional bat guildsLEDMotion-triggered lightingSustainable mobility

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Area of Science:

  • Ecology
  • Environmental Science
  • Wildlife Conservation

Background:

  • Light pollution is a growing concern impacting wildlife, particularly nocturnal species.
  • Motion-controlled lighting on roads and cycle paths poses risks to nocturnal animals like bats.
  • Previous research indicates adverse effects of artificial light on bat activity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate mitigation strategies for negative impacts of artificial light on bats.
  • To assess the effectiveness of combining part-night lighting with motion-controlled, warm-colored LEDs.
  • To evaluate the influence of lighting duration and color on bat activity in different environments.

Main Methods:

  • Acoustic monitoring of bat activity over four months on cycle paths in peri-urban and rural settings.
  • Implementation of part-night lighting (off from 23:00 to 05:00) combined with motion-controlled, warm-colored LEDs.
  • Testing different light interval durations (20s vs. 40s) in peri-urban areas and amber light effects on forest-specialist bats in rural areas.

Main Results:

  • The lighting scheme did not negatively affect bat activity in the peri-urban area, regardless of interval duration.
  • In the rural area, forest-specialist bat activity decreased with amber light at dusk but not dawn.
  • Most other bat species showed unaffected activity levels in response to the tested lighting conditions.

Conclusions:

  • Combining part-night and motion-controlled lighting can effectively mitigate adverse effects of artificial light on bats.
  • Even warm-colored LEDs can impact light-sensitive species, particularly forest-specialist bats, necessitating careful consideration of light intensity and duration.
  • Motion-activated LED lighting switched off during low-activity periods offers a promising approach to reduce light pollution along trails and roads.