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Updated: Jan 16, 2026

Therapy Testing in a Spheroid-based 3D Cell Culture Model for Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Published on: April 20, 2018
Novel Treatment Approaches in Recurrent/Metastatic Squamous Head and Neck Cancer
Sandra Llop1, Pablo Jiménez-Labaig2, Ilaria Micheletto3
1Department of Clinical Oncology, Head and Neck Unit, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
None:
The prognosis of recurrent/metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) remains poor, with most patients presenting with primary or acquired resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Upon progression on ICIs, the only standard of care treatment options are chemotherapy ± cetuximab combinations with high toxicity rates and limited efficacy, underscoring the urgent need for more effective and tolerable therapeutic strategies. This review explores the landscape of rapidly evolving novel treatment approaches in recurrent/metastatic HNSCC, including ICI combinations, therapeutic vaccines, injectable drugs, bispecific antibodies, antibody-drug conjugates, multitargeted kinase inhibitors and new targeted therapy agents.
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