Modulation of humoral immunity by γδ T cells: A potential adjuvant strategy for vaccination

Vaccination is arguably the most effective intervention in reducing the impact of infectious diseases. However, many vaccines provide only partial or transient protection, prompting the need for more effective solutions based on our growing understanding of the pivotal role of CD4⁺ T follicular helper (Tfh) cells in humoral immunity and how they interact with B cells. Here we review how γδ T cells can boost antibody responses via crosstalk with both Tfh and B cells, which could lead to new adjuvant strategies to improve vaccination efficacy, achieve long-lasting protective immunity and prevent major infectious diseases of global importance.