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Atopic dermatitis: diagnosis, molecular pathogenesis, and therapeutics
Ruimin Bai1, Yan Zheng1, Xiaofeng Dai2
1Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China.
Molecular Biomedicine
|October 5, 2025
Summary
Atopic dermatitis (AD) involves complex immune responses and redox imbalances. A new wound-healing model explains AD progression and introduces cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) as a potential redox-modulating therapy.
Area of Science:
- Immunodermatology
- Molecular biology
- Wound healing research
Background:
- Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin condition with no cure.
- AD pathogenesis involves genetic, environmental, and immune factors, with distinct Th2 (acute) and Th1 (chronic) responses.
- Redox imbalance plays a crucial role in AD progression.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide a comprehensive overview of atopic dermatitis.
- To introduce a wound-healing model for understanding AD molecular dynamics.
- To explore novel therapeutic strategies, including cold atmospheric plasma (CAP).
Main Methods:
- Review of current literature on AD pathogenesis and treatment.
- Introduction of a conceptual wound-healing model for AD.
- Analysis of redox imbalance in AD acute and chronic phases.
Main Results:
- The wound-healing model elucidates AD's acute (oxidative stress) and chronic (insufficient redox signaling) phases.
- Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) is presented as a redox-modulating tool for AD.
- CAP demonstrates potential for reversing chronic AD pathology by regulating oxidative stress.
Conclusions:
- AD management requires understanding its complex pathogenesis and redox dynamics.
- The wound-healing model offers a framework for integrating novel therapies like CAP.
- CAP represents a promising innovative treatment modality for atopic dermatitis.
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