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Snake envenomation in children: Experience from a tertiary care hospital in Northern India

Ruchika Bhatnagar1, Rakesh Gupta2, Brajendra Singh3

  • 1Associate Professor (Pediatrics), Government Institute of Medical Sciences, Gautam Buddha Nagar, Uttar Pradesh, India.

Medical Journal, Armed Forces India
|October 6, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Pediatric snake envenomation requires prompt medical attention. This study found that children treated with anti-snake venom (ASV) had successful outcomes, with no mortality reported, highlighting the importance of timely intervention.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Toxicology
  • Clinical Medicine
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Snakebite in children is a critical medical emergency with higher risks of tissue damage and sequelae due to physiological differences.
  • Paediatric snake envenomation presents unique challenges in diagnosis and management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the clinical profile and outcomes of snake envenomation in children.
  • To analyze demographic data, clinical manifestations, treatment strategies, and recovery patterns in paediatric snakebite cases.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective observational study of children (0-18 years) admitted with snake envenomation from January 2021 to December 2022.
  • Analysis of demographic profiles, clinical features, treatments administered, and patient outcomes using descriptive statistics.

Main Results:

  • Eleven children were admitted; the mean age was 11.63 years. Most bites occurred in rural areas during warmer months (May-August).
  • Common symptoms included pain and swelling at the extremities. Neurotoxic features were observed in 54.5% and vasculotoxic features in 36.3% of cases.
  • All patients received anti-snake venom (ASV) without adverse reactions. Four children required ventilatory support, all with successful extubation and outcomes. No mortality was reported.

Conclusions:

  • The clinical presentation of envenomation in children is diverse, involving neurotoxic and vasculotoxic effects.
  • Prompt administration of anti-snake venom (ASV) is crucial for successful management and positive outcomes in paediatric snakebite cases.
  • Understanding regional snake species and their venom profiles is essential for effective treatment strategies.
Abstract

Keywords:
Anti-snake venomCommunity healthPaediatricsSnakebiteTropical paediatrics

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