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The information-processing theory of cognitive development centers on fundamental mental processes, including attention, memory, and problem-solving skills. Researchers in this field examine how cognitive abilities, such as working memory, evolve and influence children's overall development. Studies indicate that children with stronger working memory tend to excel in reading comprehension, math, and problem-solving compared to peers with less efficient memory skills. Low working memory is...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 16, 2026

Using a Murine Model of Psychosocial Stress in Pregnancy as a Translationally Relevant Paradigm for Psychiatric Disorders in Mothers and Infants
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Executive functioning in matrescence and implications for perinatal depression.

T Roxana Ghadimi1, Clare McCormack1

  • 1Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, New York University (NYU) Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States.

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|October 6, 2025
PubMed
Summary

The perinatal period involves significant brain changes, impacting cognitive function and maternal mental health. Further research on executive function (EF) in new mothers is crucial for understanding and treating postpartum depression.

Keywords:
cognitionexecutive functionmaternal depressionmental loadpregnancy

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychology
  • Maternal Health

Background:

  • The perinatal period is characterized by substantial neurobiological, cognitive, and emotional shifts.
  • Matrescence, the transition to motherhood, involves neuroplasticity but also cognitive difficulties ('mommy brain') and increased mental health vulnerability.
  • Cognitive function plays a role in postpartum depression etiology, with alterations being features of mood disorders.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review evidence for cognitive plasticity during matrescence, focusing on executive function (EF).
  • To examine EF changes in perinatal depression and compare them to major depressive disorder.
  • To highlight the need for understanding normative EF changes for maternal mental health interventions.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on cognitive plasticity during matrescence.
  • Focus on executive function (EF) research related to parenthood adaptation, mental load, and mood regulation.
  • Review of evidence for EF alterations in perinatal depression and major depressive disorder.

Main Results:

  • Evidence suggests cognitive plasticity during matrescence, particularly in executive function (EF).
  • EF impairments are strongly associated with major depressive disorder, but research on perinatal depression is limited.
  • Normative EF changes during this period are not well understood.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding cognitive changes, especially EF, during the perinatal period is vital for addressing maternal mental health.
  • Further research on EF in perinatal depression is needed to develop effective interventions.
  • Integrating cognitive, neurobiological, and psychosocial factors is critical for supporting parental well-being.