Analysis of flavonoid glucosides from Ardisia and Damnacanthus spp. using UPLC-DAD-QToF/mS

In order to investigate the compositional characteristics of leaves and fruits from Ardisia crenata, source of the potent Gq inhibitor FR900359, as well as leaves of other related Ardisia and rarely investigated Damnacanthus species, we report the structural identification and quantification of flavonoid glycosides from these plants. Seven different samples, including leaves of three Ardisia species (A. crenata, A. japonica and A. pusilla), leaves of two Damnacathus species (D. major and D. indicus), and two fruits of Ardisia crenata (red and white), were investigated. A total of forty-six flavonoid glycosides were identified and their quantitative results based on the internal standard, 2,4,5-trimethoxycinnamic acid, are reported for the first time. Also, among these samples, the leaves of the red fruit Ardisia crenata showed the highest content of 20 types of flavonoids including kaempferol 3-O-glucoside (astragalin), at 503.8 ± 11.9 mg/100 g.