Lamin A/C as a biomarker for breast cancer

Lamin proteins are a type of intermediate filament primarily located in the nucleus. They are classified into two categories: A-type and B-type lamins. Lamin A and lamin C belong to the A-type category and are commonly grouped as Lamin A/C. Diseases related to this protein are generally called laminopathies which have different presentations. Lamin A/C is also involved in cancers specifically breast cancer. Research has shown that changes in lamin A/C expression, particularly its decrease in breast cancer, are associated with various cancer-related features, including altered nuclear shape, mitotic abnormalities, shifts in gene expression, cancer cell migration, and metastasis. This review delivers a complete overview of the findings regarding the association and roles of lamin A/C in breast tumor cells. It highlights the importance and potential clinical applications of this promising biomarker, offering the possibility of using this protein for breast cancer diagnosis and as a prognostic marker for patients with breast cancer.