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An ionic compound is stable because of the electrostatic attraction between its positive and negative ions. The lattice energy of a compound is a measure of the strength of this attraction. The lattice energy (ΔHlattice) of an ionic compound is defined as the energy required to separate one mole of the solid into its component gaseous ions. For the ionic solid sodium chloride, the lattice energy is the enthalpy change of the process:
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A Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor (MOS) capacitor is a fundamental structure used extensively in semiconductor device technology, particularly in the fabrication of integrated circuits and MOSFETs (metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors). The MOS capacitor consists of three layers: a metal gate, a dielectric oxide, and a semiconductor substrate.
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A type of Lewis acid-base chemistry involves the formation of a complex ion (or a coordination complex) comprising a central atom, typically a transition metal cation, surrounded by ions or molecules called ligands. These ligands can be neutral molecules like H2O or NH3, or ions such as CN− or OH−. Often, the ligands act as Lewis bases, donating a pair of electrons to the central atom. These types of Lewis acid-base reactions are examples of a broad subdiscipline called coordination...
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Enhancement-mode MOSFETs are pivotal components in electronics, distinguished by their capacity to act as highly efficient switches. They are part of the larger family of metal-oxide Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistors (MOSFETs). They are available in two types: p-channel and n-channel, each tailored to specific polarity operations.
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Crystalline solids are divided into four types: molecular, ionic, metallic, and covalent network based on the type of constituent units and their interparticle interactions.
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Updated: Jan 15, 2026

Characterization of Electrode Materials for Lithium Ion and Sodium Ion Batteries Using Synchrotron Radiation Techniques
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Rational Design of Core-Shell Mn-V MOF Nanostructures with Improved Charge Storage Performance.

Mohan Rao Tamtam1, Gyu Sang Choi1, Sai Phani Kumar Vangala2

  • 1School of Computer Science and Engineering, College of Digital Convergence, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea.

The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters
|October 6, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed new bimetallic manganese-vanadium metal-organic frameworks on nickel foam for enhanced supercapacitor performance. The M1V3/NF material demonstrated high capacitance and excellent cycling stability.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Developing advanced electrode materials is crucial for high-performance energy storage devices.
  • Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) offer tunable structures for electrochemical applications.
  • Bimetallic MOFs can exhibit synergistic effects for improved properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize novel bimetallic manganese-vanadium (Mn-V) metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) on nickel foam (NF) substrates.
  • To optimize the Mn:V ratio for enhanced electrochemical properties.
  • To evaluate the performance of these materials in asymmetric hybrid supercapacitors.

Main Methods:

  • In situ hydrothermal interfacial growth method for synthesizing Mn-V MOFs on NF.
  • Systematic variation of Mn:V ratios to tune material properties.
  • Electrochemical characterization including capacitance, rate performance, and cycling stability tests.
  • Assembly and testing of asymmetric hybrid supercapacitor devices.

Main Results:

  • Optimized Mn:V ratio in M1V3/NF yielded a high capacitance of 1826.4 F/g at 1 A/g.
  • The M1V3/NF electrode exhibited a core-shell morphology, superior rate capability, low resistance, and 88% capacitance retention after 10,000 cycles.
  • An asymmetric hybrid supercapacitor using M1V3/NF delivered an energy density of 77.62 Wh/kg at 175 W/kg with reliable cycling.

Conclusions:

  • The in situ hydrothermal synthesis is an effective route for creating advanced Mn-V MOF nanostructures on NF.
  • The optimized M1V3/NF material shows significant potential for high-performance supercapacitor applications.
  • This approach is adaptable for designing other binary or ternary metal-based hybrid nanostructures for energy storage.