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Revealing Electromechanical Control of Tissue Homeostasis Using a Two-Layer Microfluidic Device.

Xiaolu Jiang1, Ping Xu1, Feng Feng1

  • 1School of Life Sciences, Westlake University.

Journal of Visualized Experiments : Jove
|October 6, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a novel microfluidic device to study how electrical currents affect epithelial tissues. This new tool allows for precise control of ion flow, revealing electrical influences on cell behavior and tissue homeostasis.

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Area of Science:

  • Bioengineering
  • Cell Biology
  • Physiology

Background:

  • Electric fields and currents influence cell behavior and fate.
  • Existing microfluidic devices are limited for studying tissue homeostasis due to incompatible geometry.
  • Tissue homeostasis involves apico-basal polarity and transepithelial potential difference (TEPD).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a microfluidic device for applying physiological ion currents perpendicular to epithelial cell layers.
  • To investigate the electrical regulation of tissue steady states by perturbing TEPD.
  • To provide a tool for studying electrical effects in tissue homeostasis and tissue engineering.

Main Methods:

  • A two-layer UV-curable polymer microfluidic device with a polyacrylamide gel substrate.
  • Application of ion currents perpendicular to confluent epithelial cell layers.
  • Compatibility with confocal live-cell imaging and Traction Force Microscopy.

Main Results:

  • The device induces uniform ion currents across centimetric-scale epithelial cell layers.
  • Cell proliferation, extrusion, and migration are collectively influenced by current direction.
  • A new tissue state is induced with altered cell-cell interactions, cell events, and tissue structures.

Conclusions:

  • The novel microfluidic device enables the study of electrical regulation in tissue homeostasis.
  • Electrically controlled cell behaviors are linked to mechanically induced stress and cellular responses.
  • This technology supports mechanobiology, bioengineering, and tissue engineering applications.