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SCIMITAR: optimising chest digital tomosynthesis devices using geometric simulations and genetic algorithms.

Alexander David Hill1,2, Daliya Aflyatunova1,2, Aquila Mavalankar3

  • 1Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom.

Biomedical Physics & Engineering Express
|October 6, 2025
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Summary

A new simulation framework, Scimitar, optimizes digital tomosynthesis (DT) chest imaging systems. It identifies optimal configurations for mobile, low-dose 3D imaging, improving nasogastric tube placement and cancer detection.

Keywords:
chest imagingdigital tomosynthesisgenetic algorithmsmedical devicesmedical imagingradiographysimulation-based optimisation

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Imaging Physics
  • Computational Imaging
  • Radiological Engineering

Background:

  • Digital tomosynthesis (DT) offers rapid, low-dose 3D imaging, bridging planar x-rays and computed tomography.
  • Mobile chest DT devices have potential applications in nasogastric tube placement and early cancer detection.
  • Designing multi-flat panel source (FPS) chest DT systems requires efficient simulation to navigate complex design spaces.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a simulation framework (Scimitar) for optimizing chest digital tomosynthesis (DT) system designs.
  • To evaluate design viability and performance using irradiation uniformity metrics.
  • To integrate a genetic algorithm for optimizing key system parameters and exploring design trade-offs.

Main Methods:

  • Developed Scimitar, a geometry-based simulation framework for modeling x-ray radiation coverage in chest DT systems.
  • Utilized a genetic algorithm to optimize system parameters like source-to-image distance, emitter spacing, and cone angles.
  • Evaluated collimator designs, FPS arrangements, engineering constraints, and dynamic adaptation to patient volumes.

Main Results:

  • Square collimators outperformed circular ones; optimal configurations featured maximum source-to-image distances, minimal emitter spacing, and ~30° cone angles.
  • A four-panel cross FPS arrangement achieved the highest irradiation uniformity.
  • Engineering constraints like increased emitter spacing reduced uniformity linearly; dynamic cone angle adjustment allowed patient size adaptation.

Conclusions:

  • Scimitar efficiently optimizes chest DT designs, considering various constraints and assumptions.
  • The study identified promising configurations and highlighted design trade-offs for mobile, low-dose 3D imaging.
  • Scimitar's adaptability supports the development of clinically effective 3D imaging devices as requirements evolve.