Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 15, 2026

Physical Activity Measurement in Children Accepting Table Tennis Training
Published on: July 27, 2022
"Look at Yourself": Teachers' Reflective Practices Toward Enjoyment in Primary School Physical Education
Anoek Adank1,2, Nina Bartelink1,3, Steven Vos1,2
1School of Sport Studies, Fontys University of Applied Sciences, Eindhoven, the Netherlands.
Background:
Enjoyment is key in primary school physical education (PE), yet ensuring enjoyable PE experiences for all children is challenging. Reflection may help teachers improve lesson quality and foster PE enjoyment.
Methods:
This cross-sectional study explored Dutch primary school teachers' perspectives on enjoyable PE and reflective practices. An online questionnaire was completed by 173 teachers (70.5% PE specialists, 29.5% generalists) who teach at least one PE lesson per week. Teacher type differences were analyzed using Chi-square tests, Mann-Whitney U tests, and logistic regressions.
Results:
Perspectives on reflective practices were similar among teacher types. Generalists reported more teacher- and policy-related barriers to providing enjoyable PE, while specialists cited child-related challenges. Most teachers reflected internally, with limited use of written reflection or feedback from children and colleagues. Specialists used professional networks and peer feedback more. Time constraints and low prioritization were key barriers to reflection.
Implications For School Health Policy:
Schools should allocate time and promote reflection tools. Generalists could benefit from coaching and targeted professional development. For specialists, teacher education might foster reflective practices using video and child feedback to improve child outcomes like PE enjoyment.
Conclusions:
Tailored strategies are needed to strengthen reflection and improve PE quality to foster children's PE enjoyment.
More Related Videos
06:00Four Temporary Waterslide Designs Adapted to Different Slope Conditions to Encourage Child Socialization in Playgrounds
Published on: December 9, 2022
08:33A Cross-Disciplinary and Multi-Modal Experimental Design for Studying Near-Real-Time Authentic Examination Experiences
Published on: September 4, 2019
Related Concept Videos
Sources of Self-Esteem II: Performance Feedback
Social Foundations of Self II: The Generalized Other
Social Foundations of Self I: Play and Game
Self-Evaluation: Self-Enhancement and Self-Verification
Sources of Self-Esteem I: Family Experience
Steps in the Modeling Process
Attention is the first necessary component for observational learning. It involves focusing on what the model is doing and saying. For example, if you decide to take a drawing class to enhance your skills, you need to pay close attention to the instructor's words and hand movements. The characteristics of the model significantly...