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Magnetic-, Acoustic-, and Optical-Triple-Responsive Microbubbles for Magnetic Hyperthermia and Pothotothermal Combination Cancer Therapy

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Functionalizing Injectable Hydrogels with Cobalt-Based Metallacarboranes for Targeted Delivery in Triple-Negative

Neville Murphy^1,2, Roberto González-Gómez¹, Nivethitha Ashok^1,2

¹School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Ryan Institute, University of Galway, H91 CF50, Galway, Ireland.

Chembiochem : a European Journal of Chemical Biology

|October 7, 2025

Summary

This study developed a biocompatible drug delivery system by incorporating cobalt metallacarborane (CoSAN) into hyaluronic acid-lysine. This novel platform effectively delivers CoSAN for potential cancer therapy, retaining its cytotoxic activity.

Keywords:

cobalt–bis(dicarbollide)hyaluronic acid metallacarboranes targeted delivery systems triple‐negative breast cancer

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Area of Science:

Materials Science
Nanotechnology
Biomedical Engineering

Background:

Cobalt-based metallacarboranes show promise for cancer treatment due to unique structures.
Developing effective drug delivery systems is crucial for enhancing metallacarborane therapeutic potential.

Purpose of the Study:

To create a biocompatible delivery platform for cobalt metallacarborane (CoSAN).
To evaluate the efficacy and cellular uptake of CoSAN incorporated into a hyaluronic acid-lysine (HA-Lys) composite.
To assess the sustained release profile of the CoSAN-loaded composite under physiological conditions.

Main Methods:

Noncovalent incorporation of CoSAN into HA-Lys functionalized polymer.
Cytotoxicity assays using MDA-MB-231 triple-negative breast cancer cells.
Characterization using EDX, DOSY NMR, and SRS microscopy.
In vitro release studies under varying pH conditions.

Main Results:

HA-Lys successfully incorporated CoSAN, forming HA-Lys-CoSAN, while maintaining CoSAN's cytotoxic activity against cancer cells.
Elemental mapping confirmed homogeneous CoSAN distribution within the HA-Lys matrix.
SRS microscopy showed comparable cellular uptake of free and HA-loaded CoSAN.
Sustained drug release over 24 hours was observed, with pH-dependent release kinetics.

Conclusions:

A viable method for integrating metallacarboranes into polymeric drug delivery systems was established.
The HA-Lys-CoSAN composite demonstrates potential as a therapeutic agent for cancer treatment without compromising anticancer properties.
This work advances the development of metallacarborane-based drug delivery systems for future clinical applications.