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Pediatric acute-onset neuropsychiatric syndrome (PANS) significantly impacts children's daily activities, affecting communication, nutrition, and sleep. More research is needed on occupational therapy interventions for PANS to improve children's functioning.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Pediatric Health
  • Rehabilitation Medicine

Background:

  • Pediatric acute-onset neuropsychiatric syndrome (PANS) is a neuroimmune condition with significant effects on children's occupational performance.
  • Occupational performance is crucial for daily functioning and well-being but is often overlooked in PANS clinical frameworks.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize evidence on occupational performance challenges in children with PANS.
  • To identify assessment tools used for these challenges.
  • To review occupational therapy interventions for PANS.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive literature search across multiple databases (MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, etc.) up to May 2024.
  • Inclusion of peer-reviewed studies on PANS and occupational performance.
  • Data categorization using the Occupational Therapy Practice Framework, 4th Edition.

Main Results:

  • 40 studies identified significant challenges in communication, nutrition, education, rest/sleep, social participation, and toileting.
  • Limited data exists for bathing, dressing, personal hygiene, and play/leisure.
  • Assessments predominantly focused on client factors, with scarce use of occupation-based tools; only two studies mentioned OT interventions.

Conclusions:

  • PANS profoundly impacts children's occupational performance, necessitating its prioritization in clinical care.
  • There is an urgent need for occupation-based assessment and intervention studies in PANS.
  • Enhancing occupational performance is key to improving outcomes for children with PANS.