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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 6, 2026

Subcutaneous Trigeminal Nerve Field Stimulation for Refractory Facial Pain
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Cingulotomy for Cancer Pain.

Valentina Lind, Harith Akram

    Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery
    |October 7, 2025
    PubMed
    Summary

    Stereotactic anterior cingulotomy offers significant pain relief for refractory cancer pain, especially in palliative care. This neurosurgical technique targets the anterior cingulate cortex to reduce suffering with minimal side effects.

    Area of Science:

    • Neurosurgery
    • Pain Management
    • Neurology

    Background:

    • Refractory cancer pain poses challenges for pharmacologic and neuromodulatory therapies.
    • The anterior cingulate cortex is vital for the affective component of pain processing.
    • Stereotactic anterior cingulotomy, a technique from the 1960s, is experiencing a resurgence.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review the historical context, patient selection, surgical methods, efficacy, and safety of bilateral anterior cingulotomy for cancer pain.
    • To describe the Queen Square approach utilizing MRI-guided targeting and diffusion imaging.
    • To explore future research directions, including network-based targeting and non-invasive alternatives.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of historical data and current literature on stereotactic anterior cingulotomy.

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  • Description of surgical techniques, including the Queen Square approach with MRI guidance.
  • Analysis of efficacy and safety outcomes from existing studies.

    • Main Results:

    • Available data indicate short-term efficacy in most patients undergoing bilateral anterior cingulotomy.
    • The procedure demonstrates limited cognitive side effects and minimal morbidity.
    • Targeting the anterior cingulate cortex can reduce pain suffering without eliminating nociception.

    Conclusions:

    • Stereotactic anterior cingulotomy is an effective option for managing refractory cancer pain in the palliative setting.
    • Further research is needed to optimize patient selection and understand pain relief mechanisms.
    • Future directions involve advanced targeting techniques and non-invasive pain management strategies.