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Related Concept Videos

Hormones Secreted by the Stomach01:25

Hormones Secreted by the Stomach

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Enteroendocrine cells, accounting for only 1% of stomach epithelial cells, play a significant role in digestion and are classified by their digestive hormone secretions.
Each of these hormones secreted by different enteroendocrine cells plays a unique role in digestion. Here are a few examples:
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Gastritis-II: Pathophysiology01:17

Gastritis-II: Pathophysiology

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Gastritis is marked by disruption of the mucosal barrier that usually protects the stomach tissue from digestive juices and manifests in acute and chronic forms.
In acute gastritis, the gastric mucosa becomes swollen and red and undergoes superficial erosion. Superficial ulceration may lead to bleeding.
In chronic gastritis, persistent or repeated insults lead to chronic inflammatory changes and, eventually, thinning or atrophy of the gastric tissue.
Gastritis can stem from various causes, each...
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Gastritis-I: Introduction and Types01:27

Gastritis-I: Introduction and Types

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Gastritis, defined by the inflammation or irritation of the stomach lining or gastric mucosa, manifests in several distinct forms: acute, chronic, reactive, and a specific subtype known as autoimmune metaplastic atrophic gastritis.
Acute gastritis presents as a sudden inflammation triggered by various stressors to the stomach lining, such as exposure to corrosive agents, local irritants like aspirin and other NSAIDs, alcohol consumption, radiation therapy, physical trauma, severe burns, sepsis,...
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Peptic Ulcer Disease III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:28

Peptic Ulcer Disease III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

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Peptic ulcer disease (PUD) presents with diverse symptoms depending on the location and severity of the ulcer. Clinical manifestations of peptic ulcer include dull pain and a burning sensation in the mid-epigastric region.
Few clinical manifestations differentiate gastric ulcers from duodenal ulcers. Distinctions in the location, timing, and pain relief are crucial for healthcare providers in differentiating between gastric and duodenal ulcers during clinical assessments.
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Pathophysiology of Peptic Ulcer Disease: Injurious Factors01:22

Pathophysiology of Peptic Ulcer Disease: Injurious Factors

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Peptic ulcers are sores on the stomach's inner lining and the upper small intestine, which are the result of disruptions in the mucosal layer that houses parietal cells which produce gastric acid, and chief cells which secrete pepsinogen.
In the antrum region, G cells secrete the gastrin hormone that binds to gastrin-cholecystokinin-B (CCK2) receptors on parietal and enterochromaffin-like (ECL) cells in the fundic glands. Simultaneously, the vagus nerve releases acetylcholine, which binds...
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Gastric Emptying01:16

Gastric Emptying

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Gastric emptying occurs when the stomach gradually releases chyme into the duodenum. When the stomach is distended, it triggers the release of gastrin, a hormone that promotes gastric acid secretion to aid in digestion. Additionally, stomach distension contributes to peristaltic waves that propel gastric contents toward the pyloric region. The gastroenteric reflex, on the other hand, primarily stimulates peristalsis in the intestines, facilitating the movement of contents further along the...
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Application of Robot-assisted Pancreaticobiliary Junction Resection in Benign Duodenal Tumors
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Gastric-type ampullary adenomas.

Badr AbdullGaffar1, Fatma B Zarooni1, Khalid Bamakramah1

  • 1Dubai Hospital, Dubai, United Arab Emirates.

Annals of Diagnostic Pathology
|October 7, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Gastric-type adenomas of the ampullary duodenum are often overlooked but are neoplastic lesions with dysplasia. Distinguishing them from reactive polyps is crucial due to their potential for recurrence.

Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Pathology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Intestinal-type adenomas of the ampullary duodenum are well-characterized.
  • Gastric-type adenomas in this location are less recognized.
  • Limited data exists on the features of gastric-type ampullary adenomas.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate the clinical, histopathologic, histochemical, and immunohistochemical features of gastric-type ampullary adenomas.
  • Compare gastric-type adenomas with intestinal-type adenomas and reactive polyps.
  • Clarify the diagnostic and clinical significance of gastric-type ampullary adenomas.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of ampullary polyps over 15 years.
  • Analysis of clinical, histopathologic, histochemical (mucin expression), and immunohistochemical (CDX2, MUC proteins) features.
Keywords:
AdenomaAmpullaDuodenumFoveolarGastricPolypPyloric gland

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  • Comparison of gastric-type adenomas, intestinal-type adenomas, and reactive polyps.

    • Main Results:

    • Gastric-type adenomas (24%) were identified, showing distinct mucin expression (MUC5AC, MUC6) and cytoarchitectural patterns (foveolar, pyloric, mixed).
    • Intestinal-type adenomas (47%) expressed MUC2 and CDX2, while reactive polyps (29%) showed no neoplastic markers.
    • Misclassification occurred, with gastric-type adenomas mistaken for reactive polyps and vice versa. Gastric-type adenomas showed potential for recurrence and association with colonic adenomas.

    Conclusions:

    • Gastric-type adenomas are not uncommon in the ampullary duodenum and require careful examination for accurate diagnosis.
    • Distinguishing gastric-type adenomas from reactive polyps is essential due to their neoplastic nature and risk of recurrence.
    • These findings highlight the importance of recognizing gastric-type adenomas for appropriate patient management and surveillance.