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Related Concept Videos

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection01:22

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection

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T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 15, 2026

Generation of Human Chimeric Antigen Receptor Regulatory T Cells
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Enhancing specific thymic Treg activation and function with 4-1BB monomeric streptavidin-based CARs.

Jorge Gallego-Valle1, Verónica Astrid Pérez-Fernández2, Ana Pita3

  • 1Group of Advanced Immune-Regulation (GIRA), Gregorio Marañón Health Research Institute (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain; Autoimmunity Group, Centre Esther Koplowitz (CEK), Fundació Clínic Per a La Recerca Biomèdica, Barcelona, Spain.

Translational Research : the Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine
|October 7, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Engineered universal chimeric antigen receptor Tregs (UniCAR-Tregs) show promise for treating inflammatory diseases like graft-versus-host disease (GvHD). The UniCAR41BB construct enhanced Treg function, delaying GvHD and improving survival in preclinical models.

Keywords:
Chimeric antigen receptorEngineered cellsGraft-versus-host diseaseImmunosuppressionStreptavidin-based CARThymus-derived treg

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Transduction and Expansion of Primary T Cells in Nine Days with Maintenance of Central Memory Phenotype
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Transduction and Expansion of Primary T Cells in Nine Days with Maintenance of Central Memory Phenotype
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Transduction and Expansion of Primary T Cells in Nine Days with Maintenance of Central Memory Phenotype

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cell Therapy
  • Translational Medicine

Background:

  • Hyperinflammatory diseases involve excessive immune activation and tissue damage.
  • Regulatory T (Treg) cells are crucial for immune homeostasis but can be impaired in disease.
  • Current immunosuppressive therapies have limitations and adverse effects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To engineer universal chimeric antigen receptor Tregs (UniCAR-Tregs) for treating inflammatory disorders.
  • To evaluate the efficacy of UniCAR-Tregs in a preclinical graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) model.
  • To assess the impact of different CAR constructs on Treg function and phenotype.

Main Methods:

  • Lentiviral transduction of human thymus-derived Tregs (thyTregs) with second- and third-generation UniCAR constructs.
  • Characterization of engineered thyTreg phenotype and transcriptomic profile.
  • In vitro assessment of suppressive capacity using mixed lymphocyte reaction and in vivo evaluation in a GvHD mouse model.

Main Results:

  • UniCAR constructs were successfully introduced into thyTregs without compromising their regulatory phenotype.
  • The UniCAR41BB construct specifically activated thyTregs and enhanced their suppressive function.
  • In vivo, UniCAR41BB thyTregs delayed GvHD onset and improved survival in mice.

Conclusions:

  • Human thyTregs can be effectively engineered with UniCAR constructs.
  • The second-generation UniCAR41BB construct demonstrates enhanced antigen-dependent suppressive function.
  • UniCAR41BB thyTregs represent a promising therapeutic platform for GvHD and other inflammatory disorders.